On November 2, 2022, the Government of Ethiopia and the Tigray People’s Liberation Front signed the Cessation of Hostilities Agreement (COHA) in Pretoria, South Africa. This agreement marked the end of a two-year conflict. The United States played a role alongside the African Union, the Intergovernmental Authority on Development, and the United Nations to facilitate this peace process. As we mark the second anniversary of COHA's signing, there is reflection on the human cost of war, remembrance for victims, and recognition for Ethiopian citizens striving towards peace.

The United States acknowledges significant progress in implementing COHA. "Most importantly," they note that "the guns in Tigray remain silent." Additionally, internally displaced persons have returned home and basic services are back in place. The upcoming Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration campaign is seen as crucial for consolidating peace. The April 2024 publication of Ethiopia’s Transitional Justice Policy and completion of its Implementation Roadmap are viewed as key steps toward accountability and reconciliation.

Despite these advancements, challenges persist in meeting COHA's commitments fully. The U.S. urges Ethiopia's government to expedite efforts to allow voluntary return for all displaced by conflict and ensure non-Ethiopian National Defense Forces withdraw from Tigray completely. Furthermore, there is a call for commitment to victim-centric transitional justice and an inclusive National Dialogue deemed credible. These actions are essential for lasting peace following COHA's signing.

Lastly, there is an appeal from the United States urging all parties involved to cease violence elsewhere in Ethiopia—particularly in Amhara and Oromia—and engage in negotiation-based resolutions.