Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Information Technology, and Government Innovation Chairwoman Nancy Mace (R-S.C.) addressed the importance of quantum computing in a hearing titled “Preparing for the Quantum Age: When Cryptography Breaks.” The focus was on the development of post-quantum cryptography to protect U.S. cybersecurity.
In her opening statement, Chairwoman Mace explained the significance of quantum computing and its potential impact on encryption and other fields. She noted that while classical computing is prevalent today, quantum computing operates differently by applying quantum physics laws to solve complex problems that classical computers cannot.
Mace highlighted that although quantum computing is still in its early stages, U.S. companies are investing heavily in its development. A McKinsey report from 2023 estimated that the quantum technology market could exceed $100 billion by 2040.
The Subcommittee emphasized the urgency of transitioning federal IT systems to post-quantum cryptography as mandated by the Quantum Computing Cybersecurity Preparedness Act. This legislation, signed into law in December 2022, aims to prepare federal systems for advancements in quantum computing which could compromise current encryption methods.
Mace stressed that foreign adversaries might exploit current vulnerabilities with a "steal now, decrypt later" strategy, making it crucial for the U.S. to advance its cybersecurity measures proactively.
She also referenced President Trump's signing of the National Quantum Initiative Act in 2018 as evidence of U.S. commitment to leading in quantum technologies.
The hearing aimed to assess progress on implementing these legislative requirements and ensuring federal technology remains secure against future threats posed by advanced quantum computing capabilities.
