The United States and Japan have agreed on a framework to secure the supply of critical minerals and rare earths, which are necessary for the production of advanced technologies. The agreement outlines plans to support both raw and processed materials vital to domestic industries in each country.
According to the framework, both nations will use economic policy tools and coordinated investment to develop diversified and fair markets for these resources. The goal is to strengthen the resilience and security of supply chains, covering activities from mining through separation and processing.
The agreement notes that both countries intend to build on their existing mining and processing operations while also expanding new capacity. It emphasizes continued cooperation as long as both parties act in good faith to reinforce supply chains between the two countries.
The document also recognizes ongoing efforts by U.S. and Japanese companies across all stages of production to establish new, secure supply chains, welcoming further progress in this area.
The policy framework was signed in Tokyo on October 28, 2025, by President Donald J. Trump for the United States and Prime Minister Takaichi Sanae for Japan.
"Therefore, the Participants have reached the following recognition on a common policy framework for the mining and processing of critical minerals and rare earths."
